Monday, July 4, 2011

Tips for darkening the bedroom

A lot of babies sleep better in a very dark room.  Scientifically light interferes with melatonin levels, which is why often you wake when the sun starts to come up and it is getting lighter.  So an easy fix for early morning wakings is to make sure the room is pitch black.  (Some people even believe things like nightlights can interfere with melatonin so I don't even have nightlights).  

Our nursery had 3 bay windows and they were floor to ceiling in length.  And in the middle there was a half-moon windo.  The nursery was so cute with sage green chiffon swag valances and ivory miniblinds.  BUT I realized how extremely bright it was! It was very bright in the day for naps.  And even the night didn't get that dark, plus the issue of the early morning light.  So I sacrificed aesthetics for functionality and got some room darkening curtains.  I had trouble finding 3 of the same color and originally had ivory but noticed that the dark brown cut the light a lot more.  An added bonus was it really helped keep the room cooler in the hot Texas summers!  Someone said that Target sells room darkening liners that you can put under any curtains and I would think that would allow you to have a real cute looking nursery and functionality.  I just learned about this so I will look into it for my third.  I missed the original look of the nursery but the benefits definitely outweighed the cons.

So here are some tips from moms on how they darkened their rooms:
  • Tin foil taped to the inside of the window works very well.  It may look a bit odd to the neighbors, but they will get over it.  Wink  And probably copy the idea for their own kids.
  • Tagboard or cardboard can do the same thing.  A bonus: Have your older kids decorate both sides with crayons/markers.  Or have a colouring party with your spouse.
  • You can buy special blackout shades and curtains. Some brands are Eclipse (and I have found that the darker the color the better they filter out light).  Target has some liners that you can put under any curtain you have, which is a nice aesthetic option and still allows you to have a real cute looking nursery.
  • Hanging blankets or towels over the curtain rod, in front of the curtains.  Watch out for too much weight.  You don't want a middle of the night crash scaring the daylights out of everyone. 
  • Buy a twin or double flat sheet.  Cut it in half lengthwise and fasten to the inside of the curtains with safety pins.    
  • Black trashbags-this is a good temporary thing when you travel and need to quickly darken a room (One mom even clipped these on skirt hangers and hung on the window)
  • Black felt. (We are currently in a rental and I have this over the blinds now for a temporary fix...I just have then pinned up.  This is a quick cheap option and you can just go to a fabric store and buy several yards)
So here's to a dark room!:)

Growth Spurts (Six Weeks to Four Months)

Six Weeks to Four Months: Growth Spurts


Now many of the early feeding wrinkles are ironed out. Your baby is probably a bit more consistent, eating and sleeping better—unless of course she’s plagued by gastrointestinal problems or she’s very sensitive to her environment. In that case, hopefully you’ve learned to accept her temperament and are more tuned in to her cues by now. You also know the best way of feeding her and keeping her comfortable after meals, and you’re using your common sense to make life a little easier for her. At this stage, I get variations on the following two complaints:

     I can’t get my baby to sleep more than three or four hours during the night.

     My baby was sleeping for five or six hours during the night hut now she’s waking up more frequently, but always at different times.


Parents think they’re calling me about a sleeping issue, but to their surprise, both problems are related to food at this stage. By eight weeks, many babies—my babies—are sleeping at least five hours through the night, if not six. Naturally, it also depends on birth-weight and temperament, but after six weeks, we should at least be moving in that direction, encouraging them to sleep a good stretch at night. And with babies who have already started to sleep longer stretches, night—waking is commonly due to a growth spurt—a period, typically lasting a day or two, when your baby’s body demands more food. The ol’ Baby Whisperer has a few little tricks up her sleeve just for either situation.

If your baby is average-sized or heavier and has never been able to get to sleep more than three or four hours, I first ask, How many naps and for how long is your baby sleeping during the day? It could be that her daytime naps are robbing her nighttime sleep (an issue I cover on pages 177—178, where I advise you to never let your baby sleep for more than two) hours at a time during the day). But if her naps aren’t too long and she still can’t put more than three or four hours together at night, it probably means she needs to be eating more food during the day and to have a full tummy when you put her to bed. If you haven’t already done so, I would suggest tanking up (see page 93 and 195).

In the second situation, where a baby has been sleeping through for five or six hours and now starts waking at different times, it usually means that she’s going through a growth spurt. Growth spurts happen for the first time between six and eight weeks and recur thereafter about once a month or every six weeks. The one at five or six months is usually a signal that it’s time to introduce solid food.

Growth spurts can occur earlier in bigger babies, which can he confusing. A mum will call and say, “My baby is four months old, he’s 8.2 kg (eighteen pounds), and he’s eating 250 ml (eight ounces) at every feed, but he’s still waking up once or twice in the night. I’m not supposed to give him solid food in the night.” In that case, you have to use your judgment. You can’t give him more liquid and he obviously needs more to sustain him.

The question  that helps me determine whether a baby is having a growth spurt is: Does she wake at the same hour every night, or is her waking pattern erratic? If it’s erratic, it’s usually a growth spurt. This email illustrates a typical scenario: 

“I’ve just started my seven-week-old Olivia on E.A.S.Y., which she has taken to really well. But since we’ve started, her sleeping schedule at night has become more erratic. Before she would wake up at 2:45. But lately she seems to have no consistency despite her eating and sleeping at relatively the same time during the day. We have kept a log and we can’t really find anything that we are doing differently each night that would cause her to sometimes wake up at 1 and other times not until 4:30. Is there anything we can do to promote her to sleep until at least 2:45 like she used to?”

In a case like Olivia’s, I knew it was definitely a growth spurt, because she had been a pretty good eater and sleeper all along, and her parents seem to have instinctually had her on a routine. Another real tip-off was that although she usually woke at 2:45 A.M., her mum noted, “since we’ve started, her sleeping schedule at night has become more erratic [emphasis mine].” Because her waking happened to coincide with the parents’ putting Olivia on E.A.S.Y., they naturally assumed her sudden sleep distur¬bances had something to do with the new routine. But in reality, their baby is just hungry. And the reason Mum and Dad can’t figure out anything they are doing is that this is about what Olivia’s body is doing!

Let’s say that we’re talking about a baby who’s never slept well. She still wakes up twice a night. She, too, might be going through a growth spurt, but she also could be getting into a very bad sleep pattern, and Mum and Dad  reinforce it by feeding her when she wakes. So how do you know the difference? One clue is the waking pattern: Generally, habitual wakers get up at almost the same time every night—you can almost set a clock by them. Babies who wake erratically are usually hungry. But the best clue is food intake: When Mum tries to feed her, if she’s
having a growth spurt, she will take a full feed because her body needs the extra food. If she doesn’t take more than a few ounces, it’s pretty conclu¬sive evidence that we’re dealing with a bad sleeping pattern, not a hungry baby (see pages 191—192 for more on habitual waking).

The prescription for a growth spurt is always the same: increase food during the day and, if you haven’t already started doing so, add a dreamfeed (see Cluster & Dreamfeeding FAQ - http://www.babywhispererforums.com/index.php?action=post2;start=0;board=11 ) at night. With bottle-fed babies, we increase by 25 ml (one ounce) the amount of formula you give during the day. With breast-fed babies, it’s a little trickier, because you increase the feed time rather than the amount. 

So if your baby is on a three-hour routine, bump it up a hit to every 2 ½  hours. With an older baby Who’s on a “4/4” routine (page 33), you have to go back to feeding every three or 3 ½ hours. Some moms find this advice confusing, like Joanie, a mother in Florida, who told me, “That feels like we’re going backward. I finally got him on a four hour routine. I explained that this is just a temporary measure. By feeding more often, she was letting her body know that it had to manufacture more milk for four—month—old Matthew, and in a few days, she would be producing enough milk to satisfy his new needs.

Growth spurts can disrupt your baby’s routine at bedtime, during the middle of the night, or when you put them down for a nap. Even parents Who are aware that growth spurts periodically occur may not realise that the so-called sleep issue or a bad case of cot-phobia is really about food. One mother, whose son David was six weeks old, had been working with the EASY. method for three days. The first two days, she wrote, worked like a charm. We followed the routine, and I was so proud that he was able to fall asleep in the cot consistently (with the help of a dummy). However, today (the third day), he has been crying pretty hard from the moment we enter his bedroom and begin our routine before his nap. He has been eating more frequently since last night, and I suspect he’s in a growth spurt. Can this resistance to his bedroom he related to growth spurt?

Absolutely. Little David is saying (through his tears), “ I don’t want to go to sleep. I want more food. So feed me.” If he isn’t fed, he’ll start to associate hunger with his bedroom. Babies are primal creatures, but they also very quickly learn by association. If you were sent to your room before you finished your dinner, there’s a good chance you wouldn’t want to go to your room, either! You’d see it as a bad place.


taken from Secrets of the Baby Whisperer

Wednesday, February 9, 2011

Sleep Training for Toddlers

I think most parents agree that the older the child is, the harder it is to sleep train.  Sleep training can be hard, period.  No matter the age.  No matter the method.  If you believe in some crying, it is VERY hard for the parent as well.  No one likes to listen to their child cry.  As they get older, they communicate more and are more expressive.  Sleep training for older children will inevitably involve some crying.  And it may take more time than a child that was trained as an infant.  It will depend if the child was ever sleep trained.  If the child co-slept and never slept through the night it will be a different process than a child who was sleeping well but had some recent disruptions.  The latter will involve some retraining, which some be shorter (hopefully) than initial training.  Tracy Hogg, author of The Babywhisperer books, did not believe in having a child crying alone.  She differs from some other sleep methods out there.  It will depend on what you, the parent, feel comfortable with.  She has two methods to sleep train toddlers.  These are explained below:      

  ** As taken from the Babywhisperer website    

The most important thing to consider when choosing a method of sleep training for a toddler is whether or not they've been sleep trained in the past.  Toddlers who were sleeping well before and may have gotten off track due to illness, traveling, developmental milestones, or other causes often do well with the Walk In/Walk Out (WI/WO) method. These children do have the skills to go to sleep independently and parents can feel confident that with a bit of a push they can get their child back on track. WI/WO reinforces the parent will come and resettle and comfort the child, whilst still giving them space to fall asleep on their own and return to their previous independent sleep patterns.

On the other hand, toddlers who have never had good sleeping habits and have not been independent sleepers in the past need definite support and maintaining a trusting bond between parent and child is essential. A child whose dependent upon parental presence to go to sleep will need to be weaned from this gradually and over time.  They also need to trust that the parent will help them and not abandon them by suddenly changing how they've always known to go to sleep.  The Gradual Withdrawal Method often is conducted in phases, slowly reducing the amount of parental dependency on sleeping.

A second factor to take into consideration is your child's temperament.  Some children settle best with parent's help and others need their space as they drift off to sleep and prefer not to have the parent in the room or become even more upset with the parent's presence.  Assessing your child's temperament: Angel, Textbook, Spirited, Touchy, Grumpy will help you make the decision between WI/WO and The Gradual Withdrawal Method. 

Below both methods are detailed.

WI/WO Method

Follow your bedtime routine being certain that your child has sufficiently wound down from the day.  When wind down is completed, lay your child down, tuck them in and use a phrase they can associate with it's sleep time such as "time to go night-night you can find your blankie/pacifier/suck your thumb/etc. to help you fall asleep."  Leave the room.  Stand outside of your child's door and assess the situation.  It's important to distinguish between different types of cries and identify when your child is truly upset and when they may be settling themselves.  Remain outside the room if your child is making fussy-type cries or noises.  If crying is starting then stopping, hang back and wait.  If crying escalates go in to resettle your child.  Repeat your phrase "time to go night-night you can find your blankie/pacifier/suck your thumb/etc. to help you fall asleep" and leave again.  Comforting should be brief and you should avoid picking up your child.

Upon leaving the room again, wait outside the door and reassess the situation.  The amount of time you wait is determined by how your child is reacting inside.  The key is to hang back enough to give your child space to fall asleep independently, but to respond to truly upset cries.


The Gradual Withdrawal Method

The key to Gradual Withdrawal is to take tiny steps and make the changes very small at first so the child barely notices them.  Create a plan, broken into small steps of how you will reduce the parental dependence and work towards independence.  For example, patting on the back becomes lighter and lighter until the hand barely brushes the child's back, but is poised just above it.

To implement, follow your bedtime routine being certain that your child has sufficiently wound down from the day.  When wind down is completed, lay your child down, tuck them in and use a phrase they can associate with it's sleep time such as "time to go night-night you can find your blankie/pacifier/suck your thumb/etc. to help you fall asleep." Settle your child in their crib/bed and comfort as you normally would, then implement the first step in your plan.  Depending upon your child's temperament, you may be able to tackle more in less nights, or need to do less over the course of more nights.

The Gradual Withdrawal Method is intended for children that are reliant upon a parent's presence to calm them and help them settle for sleep. Examples are: sitting in the room, holding a child's hand, laying down with a child, patting to sleep, among others.  The idea is to simply reduce the reliance on parental presence gradually and in very small increments so the child continues to settle well and gains confidence in their ability to fall asleep independently.  The parent is there to assist the child in sleeping, but slowly reduces the dependence.  Examples might be: moving a chair closer and closer to the door until out of the room over the course of a few weeks, moving out a child's bed to an air mattress on the floor, then slowly move farther and farther towards the door over time, reducing the length of time patting though still staying with the child - then slowly working closer and closer towards the door.

This is also the best method for a child:
  • who's undergone controlled crying or crying it out as it helps to regain any trust that may have been broken
  • who gets very upset, sometimes to the point of vomiting
  • who does not settle after hours/days/weeks of walk in/walk out

This may also be a good method for a child who is not necessarily dependant on any one thing, but who needs some fundamental training to learn how to sleep independently.
« Last Edit: December 20, 2009, 05:29:32 AM by Peek-a-boo »

Tuesday, February 8, 2011

What is EASY? Getting your baby on a structured routine

You probably have a daily routine.  You roughly wake up at the same time, eat at the same time, have a cup of coffee first and shower, maybe exercise,etc.  Whatever you do, it is probably very similar each day.  If by chance, you wake up late or something interrupts the routine, it can throw off your whole day!  And you probably have lunch at a certain hour and dinner too.  We are creatures of habit, although to varying extents.  I have had a general routine of what time I wake up, the general times of my three daily meals and snacks, and the time I was at work or school for many years.  Of course it varied a bit day to day, but my days had a pretty consistent flow to them.  In part, it is my personality, but I thrive on having a solid and consistent routine and it makes me feel grounded.  People vary in their need for structure and some people are more free spirits.  However we all like some degree of certainty in our lives.

So do babies and young children! 

That is why Tracy Hogg advocates a structured routine right away when bringing baby home from the hospital.  She is very clear that is it not a schedule.  It is a routine that gives the day structure.  Tracy has a love of acronyms and called her structured routine "E.A.S.Y".  It is an acronym that stands for a predictable sequence of events that pretty much mirrors how adults live their lives, but in shorter chunks: Eat, have some Activity, and go to Sleep, which leaves a bit of time for You.

Here is a more detailed explanation of E.A.S.Y. (as taken from her website and book):

*All information is taken from "The Baby Whisperer Solves All Your Problems," by Tracy Hogg

E.A.S.Y. is "a routine that gives the day structure and makes family life consistent, which is important because all of us, children and adults, as well as babies and toddlers, thrive on predictabiltiy."  "With E.A.S.Y., you don't follow the baby; you take charge.   You observe him carefully, tune in to his cues, but you take the lead, gently encouraging him to follow what you know will make him thrive:  eating, appropriate levels of activity, and a good sleep afterwards.  You are the baby's guide.  You set the pace."  (page 16)


From page 17:
Why Go E.A.S.Y.?
EASY is a sensible way to get you and your child through the day.  It is composed of repetitive cycles of each letter.  The E, A, and S are interrelated-changes in one usually affect the other two.  Although your baby will transform over the coming months as she grows, the order in which each letter occurs does not:

Eat:  Your baby's day starts with a feed, which goes from all-liquid to liquids and solids at six months.  You're less likely to overfeed or underfeed a baby who's on a routine.
Activity:  Infants entertain themselves by cooing and gooing at their caretakers and staring at the wavy lines on the dining room wallpaper.  But as your baby develops she will interact more with her environment and move about.  A structured routine helps prevent babies from becoming overstimulated.
Sleep:  Sleep helps your baby grow.  Also, good naps during the day will make her go for longer stretches at night, because one needs to be relaxed in order to sleep well.
Your time:  If your baby isn't on a structured routine, every day will be different and unpredictable.  Not only will she be miserable, you'll barely have a moment for yourself.

"Parents who establish [the] E.A.S.Y. routine quickly get better at figuring out what their baby needs and wants at a particular time of the day.  Let's say you've fed your infant (the E), and she's been up for fifteen minutes (the A-activity), and then she starts to get a bit fussy.  Chances are, she's ready for sleep (the S)."  (page 17)  While she's napping, you should take the opportunity to do something for yourself, and then when she wakes, you'll know she's ready for her next feed.  (Assuming she's taken an appropriate length of nap).

Without a routine in place, life with baby can be caotic.  It would be hard to determine if your baby was crying due to hunger, or due to being tired.  You wouldn't be able to predict his nap times or feed times, thus unable to make plans for yourself and your family.  "Eating affects sleep and activity; activity affects eating and sleeping; sleep affects activity and eating-and all of them will naturally affect you."  (page 18)

E.A.S.Y. is not a schedule.  A schedule is more about focusing on the clock, whereas E.A.S.Y. is about focusing on your baby and his cues and needs.  Rather than following time slots, E.A.S.Y. follows a daily pattern of events.  By doing so, we guide our children and teach them by repetition.  "The most important aspect of E.A.S.Y. is to read your child's signs-of hunger, of fatigue, of overstimulation-which is more important than any time slot."  (page 20)  Tracy uses example routines in her books that include times.  This is for informational purposes to generally advise on how to use EASY.  But babies vary, and each baby varies every day, and you shouldn't panic if a feed time is off by 15 minutes, or if baby doesn't nap for 2 hrs.  Also, not all babies wake at 7 am to start their day; some are early risers, and some sleep later.

Monday, February 7, 2011

Average waketimes per age

Here are some sample ranges for "average" waketimes for infants.  There is a range but in general most babies do fit within these recommended guidelines.  Remember, with very young babies, often poor sleeping is caused from being overtired instead of undertired.  So I would first try shorter waketimes.  (Now if a child has had the same waketime and is all of a sudden waking early from naps, that is usually an indication to extend slowly).

Waketime estimates from "babywise moms":
Newborn: 30-60 minutes
4 weeks: 45-60 minutes
1-2 months: 45-70 minutes
2-3 months: 50-80 minutes
3-4 months: 60-90 minutes
4-5 months: 75 mins.-2 hours
5-6 months: 75 mins- 2 hours 10 mins.
6-7 months: 95 mins- 2 hour 20 mins.
7-8 months: 1 hour 45 mins- 2 hours 30 mins.
8-9 months: 1 hour45 mins.-3 hours
9-10 months: 2-3 hours 15 mins.
10-11 months: 2 hours 15 min-3 hours 45 mins.
11-12 monhts: 2 hours 15 mins-4 hours


Waketime estimates from "babywhisperer moms":
Newborn 50-60 mins.
1 month: 60 mins.-1 hour and 15
2 months: 1 hour and 15 mins. - 1 hour and 20 mins.
3 months: 1 hour and 20 mins. - 1 hour and 30 mins.
4 months: 1 hour and 45 mins. - 2 hours
5 months: 2 hours - 2.25 hours
Late 5 months/early 6 months: 2.25-2.5 hours
6.5 - 7 months: 2.75-3 hours
8 - 10 months: 3 - 4 hours
11 - 12 months: 3.5 -4.5 hours

NOTE: In general, Babywhisperer includes every minute a LO is awake even while in the process of falling asleep and most Babywise moms calculate waketime from the time their LO wakes until he/she is put down for a nap. For example, baby wakes at 7 am and goes down for a nap at 8:15 am and falls asleep at 8:30 am. Typically a Babywise mom would say that their baby had 1 hour and 15 minutes of waketime while a Babywhisperer mom would say their baby had 1.5 hours of waketime.  (So that is why Babywhisperer times seem quite a bit higher sometimes.  From experience, I would say Babywhisperer waketimes are a bit high and some Babywise waketimes are a bit low.  Your child's optimal waketime might be in between these figures).

Recognizing a Baby's Cries

In Tracy Hogg's book, Secrets of the Baby Whisper, she teaches parents to listen to their baby's cry.  Babies do NOT only cry when hungry! Often a lot of inexperienced parents (and many attachment-style parents) treat crying as a hunger issue.  Of course it could be hunger, and obviously you would feed in that situation.  But there are a lot of other reasons babies cry.  Tracy describes the various "sounds" of the different baby cries and what it means.  Some parents can distinguish the cries very quickly, other parents have a much harder time distinguishing the cries.  From personal experience, it took a bit of time for me to learn the cries, and I found the observation of body language to be very helpful along with the cries.

** From the Babywhisper Website
From Secrets of the Baby Whisperer p.86-88

Tired or overtired
Listen
Starts as cranky irregular frequency fussing but if not stopped quickly escalates to an overtired cry: first 3 short wails followed by a hard cry, then 2 short breaths and a longer, even louder cry. Usually they cry and cry and if left alone will fall asleep.
Observe
Blinks, yawns. If not put to bed, physical signs can include back arching, legs kicking and arms flailing, may grab own ears or cheeks and scratch face (a reflex); if you are holding him, squirms and tries to turn into your body. If he continues to cry his face will become bright red.
Of all the cries the most often misinterpreted for hunger. Therefore pay close attention to when it occurs. It may come after playtime or after someone has been cooing at baby. Squirming is often mistaken for colic.

Overstimulated
Listen
Long hard cry. Similar to overtired.
Observe
Arms and legs flail; turns head away from light; will turn away from anyone trying to play with him.
Usually comes when baby has had enough playing an adult keeps trying to amuse him.

Needs a change of scene
Listen
Cranky fussing that starts with noises of annoyance rather than outright cries.
Observe
Turns away from object placed before her; plays with fingers
If it gets worse when you change position then she might be tired and needs a nap.

Pain/Wind
Listen
Unmistakable shrill high-pitched scream that comes without warning; may hold breaths between wails and start again.
Observe
Whole body tenses and become rigid, which perpetuates the cycle, because the air can’t pass; pulls knees upward to chest, face is scrunched in an expression of pain, tongue wiggles upward, like a little lizard.
All newborns swallow air, which can cause wind. Throughout the day you’ll hear a tiny, squeaky wincing sound in the back of the throat – that’s air swallowing. Wind can also be caused by irregular feeding patterns.

Hunger
Listen
Slight cough like sound in the back of the throat; then out comes the first cry. It short to begin with then more steady: waa, waa, waa rhythm.
Observe
Baby starts to subtly lick her lips and then ‘root’ – tongue starts coming out and turns head to side; pulls fist toward mouth.
The best way to discern hunger is look at when baby last ate. If she’s on EASY it removes some the guesswork.

Too cold
Listen
Full-out crying with bottom lip quivering.
Observe
Tiny goose bumps on skin; may shiver; cold extremities; skin can sometimes have a bluish tinge.
Can happen with a newborn after a bath or when you’re changing and dressing her.

Too hot
Listen
Fussy whine that sounds more like panting, low at first, about five minutes; if left alone will eventually launch into a cry.
Observe
Feels hot and sweaty; flushed; pants instead of breathing regularly; may see red blotchiness on baby’s face and upper torso.
Different from fever in that cry is similar to a pain cry; skin is dry, not clammy. (Take temperature to be sure)

Where’d you go? I need a cuddle
Listen
Cooing sounds suddenly turns into short waas that sound like a kitten; crying disappears the minute baby is picked up.
Observe
Looks around, trying to find you.
If you catch this straight away you may not need to pick baby up (pat on back, soft words of reassurance).

Overfeeding
Listen
Fussing, even crying after a meal.
Observe
Spits up frequently
This often occurs when sleepiness and overstimulation are mistaken for hunger.

Bowel movement
Listen
Grunts or cries when feeding
Observe
Squirms and bears down; stops nursing; has bowel movement.
May be mistaken for hunger. Mum often thinks she’s ‘doing something wrong’.

SLOW Down

As mentioned in other posts, I read The Babywhisperer Books by Tracy Hogg and found some of the information really useful.  Of course there is lots I don't agree with, but that is like any book, except maybe the Bible:) So, as a parent, it is up to us to take what we think is pertinent and useful to us.  
Tracy's first book, Secrets of the Baby Whisperer,  tries to teach parents of infants various skills to help them: observing body language, listening to cries, and slowing down so that you can really figure out what is going on.
This post is going to elaborate on the last part slowing down.  I think this is a very good suggestion because often time a parent, especially a first-time parent, immediately goes rushing in and swoops up baby at the first cry without first thinking what is the problem, if any.  Sometimes there isn't even a real problem! Babies are often "noisy sleepers" as I call them and sometimes they are just transitioning sleep cycles and making sounds in their sleep.....so you could sometimes be actually interfering with them and not really helping (and this is actually from experience with my first child).  So Tracy advises slowing down to really figure out what is going on. Tracy has a love of acronyms, to help parents remember the concepts.  So she has come up with an acronym, SLOW, explained below:

** Taken from the BabyWhisperer website
S.L.O.W.

Whenever your baby fusses or cries, try this simple strategy, which takes only a few seconds.

Stop. Remember that crying is your baby’s language.

Listen. What does this particular cry mean?

Observe. What is your baby doing? What else is going on?

What’s Up? Based on what you hear and see, evaluate and respond.




S.L.O.W. The word itself is a reminder not to rush in, and each letter helps you remember what to do.

Stop. Stand back and wait a heartbeat; you don’t have to swoop down and pick up your baby the moment she cries. Take three deep breaths to centre yourself and improve your own perception. It will also help you clear your mind of other people’s voices and advice, which often make it hard for you to be objective.

Listen. Crying is your baby’s language. This moment of hesitation is not to suggest that you should let your baby cry. Rather, listen to what he’s saying to you.

Observe.
What is his body language telling you? What’s going on in the environment? What was happening right before your baby “said” something?

What’s Up? If you now put it all together—what you’ve heard and seen, as well as where your baby is in the daily routine—you will be able to figure out what she is trying to say to you.





Taken from The secrets of the Baby Whisperer.

For the L in SLOW-listening-involves also paying attention to the broader picture to find clues of meaning.  Tracy gives some  tips that will help you listen more intently:
Consider the time of day: At what point in the day did your baby start to fuss or cry? Had she just eaten? Had she been up playing? Sleeping? Might her diaper be wet or dirty? Might she be overstimulated? Did your baby do something new, like roll over for the first time or start to crawl?
Consider the context: What else had been happening in the household? Had the dog been barking? Had anyone  been using the vacuum or any other loud appliances? Was there a great deal of noise outside? Any of these things may have upset or startled your baby.  Was anyone cooking, and if so, were very pungent smells emanating from the kitchen? Was there any other strong-smelling scent in the air like a room freshener? Babies are very sensitive to smells.  Also consider the temperature in the room.  Was your baby over- or underdressed?  If you had baby out of the house longer than usual, was baby subjected to unfamiliar sights, sounds, or smells or to strange people?
Consider yourself: Babies absorb an adult's emotions, particularly their mum's.  If you're feeling more anxious or tired or angry than usual, this could affect your baby.
(Taken from Secrets of the Baby Whisperer, pg 70-71)